Chronology

Verified timeline

날짜가 있는 사건만 넣고, 불확실한 날짜는 별도 표기합니다.

Verified Timeline

Only add events with source links. Mark uncertain dates clearly.

DateEventSourceConfidenceNotes
2013-10-14A-WEB reportedly established in Songdo, South Korea.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_World_Election_Bodies (secondary lead; needs primary confirmation)uncertainNeed A-WEB founding document / official source.
2014-04-28~2014-05-01A-WEB official news states it concluded MOUs in Washington D.C. with USAID, IFES, DI, NDI, and IRI.https://www.aweb.org/eng/bbs/B0000013/view.do?nttId=58&menuNo=300039&gubun=1likelyPrimary A-WEB-side statement captured (2026-05-01). USAID-side confirmation and original MOU text still needed.
2018-07-19Former DRC Prime Minister Samy Badibanga filed an OECD NCP specific instance against Miru Systems regarding voting-machine human-rights/corruption concerns.https://mneguidelines.oecd.org/database/instances/ke0019.htmconfirmedOfficial OECD NCP database entry confirms filing date and allegation framing.
2018-10-12Korea NCP final statement marked the Miru specific instance as “Not accepted,” citing OECD Guidelines applicability scope to the company.https://mneguidelines.oecd.org/database/instances/ke0019.htmconfirmedThis is a procedural/admissibility outcome, not a merits adjudication of election-fraud allegations.
2015-10 (pre-election period)A-WEB Kyrgyz Country Program page states PCOS deployment and central server/statistics-system upgrades were provided for the October 2015 parliamentary elections in Kyrgyzstan.https://aweb.org/eng/article/contents.do?menuNo=300026likelyOfficial A-WEB self-report confirms claimed support scope; impact claims need independent corroboration.
2020-10-06OSCE/ODIHR 2020 final report states that after allegations of vote-buying/pressure and 5 Oct protests, Kyrgyz CEC invalidated voting results.https://odihr.osce.org/odihr/elections/kyrgyzstan/472461confirmedConfirmed as a documented procedural event in an official international observer final report (p.5 narrative). This does not by itself prove who, if anyone, manipulated votes.
2020-10-06Kyrgyz CEC Resolution No.249 text states parliamentary-election voting results were invalidated (Признать недействительными итоги голосования...).https://shailoo.gov.kg/ru/npacik/Postanovleniya_CIK_KR-BShKnyn_toktomdoru/o-priznanii-nedejstvi/confirmed2026-05-02 cycle captured full text via r.jina.ai mirror of the official URL, including date/number/signatory block (г. Бишкек, 6 октября 2020 года № 249). Keep mirror-capture provenance note because direct origin fetch is intermittently unavailable in this environment.
2022-08-15 / 2022-08-19DRC media report says ARMP dispute-committee decision n°23/22/ARMP/CRD/ (15 Aug 2022) preceded CENI’s final Miru contract signing report (19 Aug 2022), and notes Smartmatic appeal.https://7sur7.cd/2022/08/19/elections-2023-la-ceni-et-lentreprise-miru-systems-signent-un-contrat-pour-lacquisitionlikelyUseful procedural lead with specific decision identifier; still secondary-source level until ARMP/CENI primary decision text is captured.
2025-02-11A-WEB press release (nttId=16438) publicly denied election-rigging allegations, stated ODA sub-project participation was limited to 8 countries (incl. Kyrgyz Republic and DR Congo), and asserted there were no follow-up exchanges/activities with USAID after the 2014 MOU.https://aweb.org/eng/bbs/B0000013/view.do?nttId=16438&gubun=3&menuNo=300043confirmed (document existence) / disputed (substantive claims pending cross-check)Primary A-WEB-side statement. Treat each substantive assertion as a verifiable claim, not a settled conclusion.
2026-05-01A-WEB official membership-page capture shows DR Congo CENI, Iraq IHEC, and Kyrgyz election commission listed as A-WEB members.https://aweb.org/eng/bbs/B0000019/listAll.do?option=africa&menuNo=300036 ; https://www.aweb.org/eng/bbs/B0000019/listAll.do?showFlag=a&menuNo=300037confirmedConfirms institutional membership listing on A-WEB website at capture time; does not by itself evidence election manipulation or vendor-level intervention.
2018-06-06Reuters reported Iraq parliament ordered a nationwide manual recount after electronic-count irregularity allegations and suspended IHEC leadership.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-election/iraqi-parliament-votes-for-manual-recount-of-may-election-results-idUSKCN1J2228/likelyStrong secondary source; primary Iraqi legal/commission records still needed.
2018-08-10Reuters reported Iraq’s nationwide recount did not significantly change overall election outcomes.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-election/recount-shows-iraqs-sadr-retains-election-victory-no-major-changes-idUSKBN1KV041/likelyUseful to separate procedural controversy from proven large-scale manipulation.
2018-06-26Iraq Federal Supreme Court official-domain URL lead (news.4127) appears to document a ruling that manual recount and judge-substitution measures were constitutionally compatible.https://www.iraqfsc.iq/news.4127/likelyDate/title/snippet observed via search index, but direct page capture is currently blocked by Cloudflare challenge; keep as verification-pending primary lead.

| 2023-12-17 | Iraq IHEC official statement described special-station result-transmission failure handling and named Miru Korean company letter in the explanation. | https://ihec.iq/29135/2023/12/ | confirmed | Official procedure/technology-contact evidence. It documents Miru/vendor context and manual/central-audit handling, not A-WEB involvement or manipulation proof. |

| 2023-12-17 | Iraq IHEC exceptional meeting 68 decision posts 1–3 were identified with official attachment image paths. | https://ihec.iq/29138/2023/12/ ; https://ihec.iq/29162/2023/12/ ; https://ihec.iq/29169/2023/12/ | confirmed-limited | Source paths are confirmed, but OCR/text extraction and clause-level comparison remain pending. |

| 2025-03-13 | Iraq IHEC official news post described a Miru delegation meeting, equipment update discussion, and existing electronic sorting/counting equipment contract context. | https://ihec.iq/33850/2025/03/ | confirmed | Confirms continuing IHEC–Miru technology/vendor relationship in official text; not A-WEB or manipulation proof. |

| 2026-05-03 | A-WEB International Cooperation page HTML was recaptured with a direct USAID partner link/logo. | https://www.aweb.org/eng/article/contents.do?menuNo=300031 | confirmed-limited | Confirms A-WEB-side public partner-list association with USAID; does not prove funding, post-2014 activity, or manipulation. |